Contemporary art and architectures of the infected (host-host) under the narrative of the tuberculosis sanatorium

The visualization of the anatomical inside, the biomedical advances in infectious diseases and the concern for a healthy body protected from contagion have conditioned the design and materials of modern architecture. In addition, it has aroused the artist's interest in the relationship between the patient and his perceptible environment and his invisible interior. We propose as an object of research the contributions to contemporary art based on the hospital environment as a preventive-curative construct of the three major current communicable diseases: tuberculosis, AIDS and SARS. The aims are to justify, through the analysis of a selection of projects, the conception of the body as host of architectural spaces that are conceived for its cure or prevention of contagion, and to identify the body as an examined and invaded host. We demonstrate the paradigm shift from the original tuberculosis sanatorium, reflected in the indirect and direct experiences of confined artists in gated institutions and subjected to medical control, up to the current Big Data hospitals, going through the suffering of the body with AIDS at home. The relevance of this study lies in the reconstruction of the evolution of the isolated individual-body in the tuberculosis sanatorium to a container collective-body of data that is processed for its use as the control of larger spaces, countries and continents, an important turn that does not escape the gaze of the artist.