Art, com a dispositiu de risc

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Aaron Jaffe

El meu títol al·ludeix a «Art, as Device», la declaració fundacional del formalisme rus de Victor Shklovsky. La pedra angular de la seva contribució als estudis modernistes és la idea de la desfamiliarització (ostranenia o distanciament), un programa en el qual la forma s’oposa al risc i a l’administració. El meu assaig rastreja senyals i homologies de l’art modern, com a dispositiu de risc, senyal de risc i homologies que travessen la modernitat dels mitjans en un sentit teòric ampliat dels mitjans. Considerant especialment un moment vorticista que representa «la realitat del present, no o el futur sentimental», examina, entre altres, els giroscopis, els vortoscopios i el whoroscope ideats per tinker-hobbyists modernistes aficionats, que diagramen els riscos passats i futurs en el metamedi actual. El resultat de l’assaig concep de nou dos conceptes gairebé omnipresents en nous estudis literaris i culturals: modernisme i mitjà. D’una banda, el concepte de modernisme, amb les seves genealogies angloamericanes i ambicions cosmopolítiques rebudes, descriu un reflex de la modernitat en la literatura, l’art, la cultura i els mitjans de comunicació; d’altra banda, un millor relat teòric dels mitjans de comunicació. El concepte de mitjà atreu el modernisme/la modernitat en diverses altres direccions: des de la noció de modernisme d’especificitat i transparències mitjanes de Greenberg cap a les opacitats d’un a priori tècnic-medial; des d’entorns cibernètics cap a la mediació com a efecte d’interfície amb possibilitats escalars inhumanes. Existeix una sensació aguda que tot allò modern, cada intent arriscat d’organitzar el nostre cos i les nostres vides, es tracta d’una orientació mitjana. La tasca de la crítica literària-mitjana-cultural, la intel·ligència humana críticament reflexiva, en la segona era moderna dels mitjans de masses, segons Vilém Flusser, és descobrir els aparells darrere dels aparells que programen els aparells. I, més que mai, adaptar l’afirmació teòrica dels mitjans de Friedrich Kittler que les nostres eines literàries estan fent funcionar els nostres pensaments: les nostres màquines de mitjans estan administrant la nostra inconsciència moderna.

Paraules clau
estudis modernistes, modernisme, teoria dels mitjans, vorticisme

Article Details

Com citar
Jaffe, Aaron. “Art, com a dispositiu de risc”. Artnodes, no. 34, pp. 1-13, doi:10.7238/artnodes.v0i34.424664.
Biografia de l'autor/a

Aaron Jaffe, Universitat Estatal de Florida

Aaron Jaffe és professor d’anglès Frances Cushing Ervin en la Universitat Estatal de Florida. Ha publicat Modernism and the Culture of Celebrity; The Way Things Go: An Essay on the Matter of Second Modernism i Spoiler Alert: A Critical Guide. Ha editat i coeditat diversos llibres i números especials, inclòs Thinking Further de Vilém Flusser (pròxima publicació en University of Minnesota Press, 2025).

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