Visual art in 20th century educational movements: the establishment of art education in textbooks

School traditions of art education have been constructed on the basis of oral and written transmission of projects and programs. In addition, legislative, ideational and theoretical aspects have mainly been defined in documents. This is true to such an extent that school culture in the area of art education has been shaped by projects formulated in textbooks for teachers and children, for example. Consequently, in this study, we examine art textbooks to discover the characteristics of the art education discourses that were consolidated throughout the 20th century in Spain. We tested this approach by examining the influence of textbooks and the extent to which they overlap with or contradict contemporary trends in education.