Pandemic experimentalism: decentering studio art education in an ongoing global emergency
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After eighteen months of online art education during the COVID-19 pandemic, the authors consider Form and Time, a required first-year studio art course at OCAD University in Toronto, as a case study within global practices of reconfiguration and experimentalism in art and design pedagogy during the crisis. Form and Time was scheduled to launch as a required first-year course on campus at OCADU in Fall 2020, but quarantine prompted the pivot to fully remote.
Critiques of the traditional art school’s situated format were launched before COVID-19 by anti-ableist, Indigenous and feminist scholars, addressing access barriers and stressing resilience in the face of crisis and oppression. The pandemic disrupted the centrality of in-person studios and critique methods in post-secondary art education; this accelerated and took unexpected turns during the online pedagogical experiments of the early pandemic. In this context, Form and Time foreshadows new modes of art school studio delivery, decentering and critically intersecting with studio precedents suddenly disrupted by remote learning during COVID-19.
Form and Time’s weekly asynchronous video lectures and online meetings probed themes of Space, Form and Time. Students posted weekly studio experiments on discussion boards, using materials close at hand. As with other art and design courses, everyday objects and materials provided a platform for discussing material conditions and encounters during the pandemic. Students depicted their unique surroundings using strategies of observation and walking. They accessed faculty-made online micro-workshops recorded by the various course instructors on home studio material techniques. These comprise a growing online archive shared by faculty teaching the multi-section course.
Looking forward, we anticipate further crises. Greater interplay between online, blended and hands-on art studio education will prioritize flexibility that can better adapt to life pressures and emergencies, opening access for a diverse range of learners in decentered locations.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
(c) Judith Doyle, Simone Jones, Elizabeth Lopez, 2023
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Judith Doyle, OCAD University, Toronto
An artist practising in cinema and expanded reality. An Associate Professor at OCAD University (OCADU), Toronto. Chair of First-Year Art and co-director of the OCADU Social Media and Collaboration Lab (SMACLab).
Simone Jones, OCAD University, Toronto
An artist whose work is exhibited internationally. Professor at OCADU.
Elizabeth Lopez, Independent researcher/artist
An interdisciplinary artist and researcher whose work is exhibited in Canada and the US. In her art practice, she moves between digital and traditional processes and diverse media while exploring themes of timespans, moments, and intraconnectivity. Lopez holds a MFA in Interdisciplinary Art, Media and Design from OCAD University, Toronto). Artist website: www.elizabethlopez.ca
Dede, Christopher J, and John Richards. “Conclusion—Strategic Planning for R&D on Immersive Learning”. In: Lui, Deijun, Dede, Christopher J., Huang, Ronghuai, Richards, John (eds.). Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Realities in Education. Berlin: Springer, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5490-7_13.
Dolmage, J. T. Academic Ableism: Disability and Higher Education. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.9708722.
Doyle, Judith, and Fei Jun. “GestureCloud: Gesture, surplus value and collaborative art exchange”. Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Electronic Art (2013): 7-16. https://openresearch.ocadu.ca/id/eprint/2900/.
FemTechNet. “Feminist Pedagogy in a Time of Coronavirus Pandemic”. FemTechNet (2020). https://femtechnet.org/feminist-pedagogy-in-a-time-of-coronavirus-pandemic/.
Gedgaudas, Brigita. Time: Flux, Flow, Change Artist Spotlight (2021). [Accessed: December 19, 2022]
Glissmann, Pascal, and Selena Kimbal. “Atlas of Everyday Objects in the Age of Global Social Isolation”. Design and Culture, vol. 13, no. 1 (2021): 123-128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1874664.
Government of Canada, Interagency Advisory Panel on Research Ethics. 2018. “TCPS 2 (2018) – Introduction”. Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans – TCPS 2 (2018) – Introduction (2017). https://ethics.gc.ca/eng/tcps2-eptc2_2018_introduction.html.
Ji, Haru. “WebXR template for P5.js”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/7ac23b24-8458-42f3-985d-4ca95057720e?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=4&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
Kasper, Jeff. “Practicing Distance”. Practicing Distance. Amherst: Portland State University, 2020. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/practicing_distance/1.
Loveless, Natalie. How to Make Art at the End of the World: A Manifesto for Research-Creation. Durham: Duke University Press, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781478004646.
Martins, Marcos. “Can Design Survive in Chaos? Reconfiguring Design Education While Designing a Digital Interface for Covid-19 Data Collection in Brazil”. Design and Culture, vol. 13, no. 1, (2021): 109-112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2020.1858554.
Moll, Tyson, Nicholas Fox-Gieg, Elizabeth Lopez, and Judith Doyle. “Open WebXR studios for Collaboration, Exhibition and Critique – Toolkit 1 – for A-Frame”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/3530d2c8-ed47-4cb1-878e-873494d7c125?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=2&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
Nahdee, Emilia. Land Acknowledgement (2020). [Accessed: December 19, 2022]
OCAD University. OCAD University Hybrid and Online Learning Framework June 2020 – June 2022. Faculty Curriculum and Development Centre (2020). https://www.ocadu.ca/sites/default/files/FCDC/Hybrid%20and%20Online%20Learning%20Framework%20.pdf.
Owen, Chris. “Through a Glass Darkly: The Teaching and Assessment of Drawing Skills in the UK Post‐16 Art Design Curriculum”. International Journal of Art & Design Education, vol. 39, no. 2 (2019): 333-345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jade.12265.
Philips, Christopher, and Jared S. Colton. “A New Normal in Inclusive, Usable Online Learning Experiences”. In: Thurston, Travis N., Lundstrom, Kacy, González, Christopher (eds.). Resilient pedagogy: Practical teaching strategies to overcome distance, disruption, and distraction. Utah State University, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26079/a516-fb24.
Redmond, Sean. “A pandemic of creative loneliness”. Continuum, vol. 36, no. 2 (2022): 184-198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2021.1962249.
Rose, David, Wendy Harbour, CS Johnston, Samantha Daley, and Linda Abarnall. “Universal Design for Learning in Postsecondary Education: Reflections on Principles and their Application”. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, vol. 19, no. 2 (2006): 135-151.
Scavarelli, Anthony, Ali Arya, and Robert J. Teather. “Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Social Learning Spaces: A Literature Review”. Virtual Reality, vol. 25, no. 1 (2021): 257-277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-020-00444-8.
Simpson, L. B. “Land as pedagogy: Nishnaabeg intelligence and rebellious transformation”. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, vol. 3, no. 3 (2014): 1-25. https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/des/article/view/22170.
Sins Invalid. Social Distancing and Crip Survival: A Disability Centered Response to COVID-19 (2020). https://www.sinsinvalid.org/news-1/2020/3/19/social-distancing-and-crip-survival-a-disability-centered-response-to-covid-19
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, Volume One: Summary: Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future. Toronto: James Lorimer and Company Ltd., 2015. https://nctr.ca/records/reports/#trc-reports.
Wakefield, Graham. “WebXR template for Three.js and Node.js”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/b08965f0-0c39-447d-b663-db842cd76d26?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=2&increasePopularSearch=true&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
Dede, Christopher J, and John Richards. “Conclusion—Strategic Planning for R&D on Immersive Learning”. In: Lui, Deijun, Dede, Christopher J., Huang, Ronghuai, Richards, John (eds.). Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Realities in Education. Berlin: Springer, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5490-7_13.
Dolmage, J. T. Academic Ableism: Disability and Higher Education. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.9708722.
Doyle, Judith, and Fei Jun. “GestureCloud: Gesture, surplus value and collaborative art exchange”. Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Electronic Art (2013): 7-16. https://openresearch.ocadu.ca/id/eprint/2900/.
FemTechNet. “Feminist Pedagogy in a Time of Coronavirus Pandemic”. FemTechNet (2020). https://femtechnet.org/feminist-pedagogy-in-a-time-of-coronavirus-pandemic/.
Gedgaudas, Brigita. Time: Flux, Flow, Change Artist Spotlight (2021). [Accessed: December 19, 2022]
Glissmann, Pascal, and Selena Kimbal. “Atlas of Everyday Objects in the Age of Global Social Isolation”. Design and Culture, vol. 13, no. 1 (2021): 123-128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1874664.
Government of Canada, Interagency Advisory Panel on Research Ethics. 2018. “TCPS 2 (2018) – Introduction”. Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans – TCPS 2 (2018) – Introduction (2017). https://ethics.gc.ca/eng/tcps2-eptc2_2018_introduction.html.
Ji, Haru. “WebXR template for P5.js”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/7ac23b24-8458-42f3-985d-4ca95057720e?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=4&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
Kasper, Jeff. “Practicing Distance”. Practicing Distance. Amherst: Portland State University, 2020. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/practicing_distance/1.
Loveless, Natalie. How to Make Art at the End of the World: A Manifesto for Research-Creation. Durham: Duke University Press, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781478004646.
Martins, Marcos. “Can Design Survive in Chaos? Reconfiguring Design Education While Designing a Digital Interface for Covid-19 Data Collection in Brazil”. Design and Culture, vol. 13, no. 1, (2021): 109-112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2020.1858554.
Moll, Tyson, Nicholas Fox-Gieg, Elizabeth Lopez, and Judith Doyle. “Open WebXR studios for Collaboration, Exhibition and Critique – Toolkit 1 – for A-Frame”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/3530d2c8-ed47-4cb1-878e-873494d7c125?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=2&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
Nahdee, Emilia. Land Acknowledgement (2020). [Accessed: December 19, 2022]
OCAD University. OCAD University Hybrid and Online Learning Framework June 2020 – June 2022. Faculty Curriculum and Development Centre (2020). https://www.ocadu.ca/sites/default/files/FCDC/Hybrid%20and%20Online%20Learning%20Framework%20.pdf.
Owen, Chris. “Through a Glass Darkly: The Teaching and Assessment of Drawing Skills in the UK Post‐16 Art Design Curriculum”. International Journal of Art & Design Education, vol. 39, no. 2 (2019): 333-345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jade.12265.
Philips, Christopher, and Jared S. Colton. “A New Normal in Inclusive, Usable Online Learning Experiences”. In: Thurston, Travis N., Lundstrom, Kacy, González, Christopher (eds.). Resilient pedagogy: Practical teaching strategies to overcome distance, disruption, and distraction. Utah State University, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26079/a516-fb24.
Redmond, Sean. “A pandemic of creative loneliness”. Continuum, vol. 36, no. 2 (2022): 184-198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2021.1962249.
Rose, David, Wendy Harbour, CS Johnston, Samantha Daley, and Linda Abarnall. “Universal Design for Learning in Postsecondary Education: Reflections on Principles and their Application”. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, vol. 19, no. 2 (2006): 135-151.
Scavarelli, Anthony, Ali Arya, and Robert J. Teather. “Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Social Learning Spaces: A Literature Review”. Virtual Reality, vol. 25, no. 1 (2021): 257-277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-020-00444-8.
Simpson, L. B. “Land as pedagogy: Nishnaabeg intelligence and rebellious transformation”. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, vol. 3, no. 3 (2014): 1-25. https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/des/article/view/22170.
Sins Invalid. Social Distancing and Crip Survival: A Disability Centered Response to COVID-19 (2020). https://www.sinsinvalid.org/news-1/2020/3/19/social-distancing-and-crip-survival-a-disability-centered-response-to-covid-19
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, Volume One: Summary: Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future. Toronto: James Lorimer and Company Ltd., 2015. https://nctr.ca/records/reports/#trc-reports.
Wakefield, Graham. “WebXR template for Three.js and Node.js”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/b08965f0-0c39-447d-b663-db842cd76d26?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=2&increasePopularSearch=true&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
Dede, Christopher J, and John Richards. “Conclusion—Strategic Planning for R&D on Immersive Learning”. In: Lui, Deijun, Dede, Christopher J., Huang, Ronghuai, Richards, John (eds.). Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Realities in Education. Berlin: Springer, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5490-7_13.
Dolmage, J. T. Academic Ableism: Disability and Higher Education. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.9708722.
Doyle, Judith, and Fei Jun. “GestureCloud: Gesture, surplus value and collaborative art exchange”. Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Electronic Art (2013): 7-16. https://openresearch.ocadu.ca/id/eprint/2900/.
FemTechNet. “Feminist Pedagogy in a Time of Coronavirus Pandemic”. FemTechNet (2020). https://femtechnet.org/feminist-pedagogy-in-a-time-of-coronavirus-pandemic/.
Gedgaudas, Brigita. Time: Flux, Flow, Change Artist Spotlight (2021). [Accessed: December 19, 2022]
Glissmann, Pascal, and Selena Kimbal. “Atlas of Everyday Objects in the Age of Global Social Isolation”. Design and Culture, vol. 13, no. 1 (2021): 123-128. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2021.1874664.
Government of Canada, Interagency Advisory Panel on Research Ethics. 2018. “TCPS 2 (2018) – Introduction”. Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans – TCPS 2 (2018) – Introduction (2017). https://ethics.gc.ca/eng/tcps2-eptc2_2018_introduction.html.
Ji, Haru. “WebXR template for P5.js”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/7ac23b24-8458-42f3-985d-4ca95057720e?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=4&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
Kasper, Jeff. “Practicing Distance”. Practicing Distance. Amherst: Portland State University, 2020. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/practicing_distance/1.
Loveless, Natalie. How to Make Art at the End of the World: A Manifesto for Research-Creation. Durham: Duke University Press, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781478004646.
Martins, Marcos. “Can Design Survive in Chaos? Reconfiguring Design Education While Designing a Digital Interface for Covid-19 Data Collection in Brazil”. Design and Culture, vol. 13, no. 1, (2021): 109-112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17547075.2020.1858554.
Moll, Tyson, Nicholas Fox-Gieg, Elizabeth Lopez, and Judith Doyle. “Open WebXR studios for Collaboration, Exhibition and Critique – Toolkit 1 – for A-Frame”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/3530d2c8-ed47-4cb1-878e-873494d7c125?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=2&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
Nahdee, Emilia. Land Acknowledgement (2020). [Accessed: December 19, 2022]
OCAD University. OCAD University Hybrid and Online Learning Framework June 2020 – June 2022. Faculty Curriculum and Development Centre (2020). https://www.ocadu.ca/sites/default/files/FCDC/Hybrid%20and%20Online%20Learning%20Framework%20.pdf.
Owen, Chris. “Through a Glass Darkly: The Teaching and Assessment of Drawing Skills in the UK Post‐16 Art Design Curriculum”. International Journal of Art & Design Education, vol. 39, no. 2 (2019): 333-345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jade.12265.
Philips, Christopher, and Jared S. Colton. “A New Normal in Inclusive, Usable Online Learning Experiences”. In: Thurston, Travis N., Lundstrom, Kacy, González, Christopher (eds.). Resilient pedagogy: Practical teaching strategies to overcome distance, disruption, and distraction. Utah State University, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26079/a516-fb24.
Redmond, Sean. “A pandemic of creative loneliness”. Continuum, vol. 36, no. 2 (2022): 184-198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10304312.2021.1962249.
Rose, David, Wendy Harbour, CS Johnston, Samantha Daley, and Linda Abarnall. “Universal Design for Learning in Postsecondary Education: Reflections on Principles and their Application”. Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability, vol. 19, no. 2 (2006): 135-151.
Scavarelli, Anthony, Ali Arya, and Robert J. Teather. “Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality in Social Learning Spaces: A Literature Review”. Virtual Reality, vol. 25, no. 1 (2021): 257-277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-020-00444-8.
Simpson, L. B. “Land as pedagogy: Nishnaabeg intelligence and rebellious transformation”. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, vol. 3, no. 3 (2014): 1-25. https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/des/article/view/22170.
Sins Invalid. Social Distancing and Crip Survival: A Disability Centered Response to COVID-19 (2020). https://www.sinsinvalid.org/news-1/2020/3/19/social-distancing-and-crip-survival-a-disability-centered-response-to-covid-19
The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada. Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada, Volume One: Summary: Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future. Toronto: James Lorimer and Company Ltd., 2015. https://nctr.ca/records/reports/#trc-reports.
Wakefield, Graham. “WebXR template for Three.js and Node.js”. Ecampus Ontario (2022). https://vlslibrary.ecampusontario.ca/item-details/#/b08965f0-0c39-447d-b663-db842cd76d26?k=Open%20WebXR&itemTypes=6&itemTypes=12&sortCol=2&nextPage=true&page=2&increasePopularSearch=true&collections=CVLP%20Collection&collections=VLS%20Collection.
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