Sociologia relacional del camp científic: comunicació, identitats i relacions de camp

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Jan A. Fuhse

Es forma una conceptualització sociològica relacional dels camps socials i s’aplica al món acadèmic i científic. Generalment, els camps socials són espais de comunicació controlats per determinades institucions i per la sensació (illusio) de participar en el mateix grup. Consisteixen en activitats comunicatives, com ara publicacions en ciència, afirmacions i peticions en política, etc. Els camps científics s’estructuren entorn d’afirmacions representatives dels fenòmens objecte d’estudi. Aquestes activitats comunicatives ofereixen unes determinades definicions de la situació en què la comunicació posterior es basa o es renegocia. En aquest procés, es desenvolupen idees que estructuren el camp i les identitats dels actors associats a aquestes idees. En aquest sentit, els actors no dirigeixen els processos en el camp, sinó que són punts de projecció que estructuren el discurs en el camp. Els actors estan connectats a les idees i, per tant, indirectament entre si, en la presa de posicions. Aleshores, les relacions de camp involucren constel·lacions d’actors i idees. A diferència de les relacions socials, com ara l’amistat o el suport, les relacions de camp poden ser unilaterals i afecten la continuació de la comunicació en un camp molt més ampli, i no solament els dos actors implicats. A diferència de les teories anteriors dels camps socials, aquestes es consideren com a constel·lacions socioculturals que es desenvolupen en el curs de la comunicació, i no com la competició dels actors pels recursos o les constel·lacions d’orientacions subjectives.

Paraules clau
camp acadèmic, autors, teoria de camp, sociologia relacional, relacions socials, camp científic

Article Details

Com citar
Fuhse, Jan A. “Sociologia relacional del camp científic: comunicació, identitats i relacions de camp”. Digithum, no. 26, doi:10.7238/d.v0i26.374144.
Biografia de l'autor/a

Jan A. Fuhse, Universitat de Bremen

Professor interí de Sociologia de la Universitat de Bremen, Alemanya. Després del seu doctorat en Sociologia a la Universitat d’Stuttgart, Alemanya, el 2007, va fer un postdoctorat (finançat per la Fundació Alexander von Humboldt) a la Universitat de Columbia, als Estats Units d’Amèrica, entre 2007 i 2008. Allí va treballar amb Harrison White i Charles Tilly en la teoria de les xarxes socials. De 2009 a 2013 va ser professor adjunt de Sociologia Política a la Universitat de Bielefeld, Alemanya, i en va obtenir l'habilitació el 2011. De 2013 a 2018, Fuhse va treballar com a becari Heisenberg (finançat per la Societat Alemanya de Recerca) a la Universitat Humboldt de Berlín, Alemanya. La seva recerca se centra en la comunicació i en el sentit de les xarxes socials, en les xarxes socials en la desigualtat i en les relacions interètniques, en les constel·lacions en el discurs polític i en la teoria de les ciències socials computacionals.

Últimes publicacions: «Theorizing Social Networks: Relational Sociology of and around Harrison White» (International Review of Sociology, 2015), «Networks from Communication» (European Journal of Social Theory, 2015), «New Media and Sociocultural Formations» (Cybernetics & Human Knowing, 2018), «Relating Social and Symbolic Relations in Quantitative Text Analysis. A Study of Parliamentary Discourse in the Weimar Republic» (Poetics, 2020, amb Oscar Stuhler, Jan Riebling i John Levi Martin) i «Theories of Social Networks» a: Ryan Light i James Moody (editors): Oxford Handbook of Social Networks (2020, OUP).

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