Situated formats around the science-art-technology debate: an introduction to European Digital Arts Festivals (DAF)
Article Sidebar
Google Scholar citations
Main Article Content
Digital Arts Festivals (DAF) are one of the most booming situated formats and performative experiences for debate, dissemination, exhibition and artistic practice around the science-art-technology intersection. From Ars Electronica or Transmediale and CTM in Berlin to the Spanish Sónar, L.E.V. or MIRA, more than 50 Digital Arts Festivals have appeared in Europe in the last few decades. Although the paradigm of the “festivalization of culture” has received a great deal of academic attention, DAFs have been minimally analysed. What are Digital Arts Festivals? How do they differ from other festivals? How can we define, categorize and analyse these festivals in depth in order to understand their role in cultural production and artistic creation today? In order to address these questions, this article presents the first results of an empirical study which began at the end of 2020 and is still ongoing and which concerns the paradigm of Digital Arts Festivals in Europe. Based on qualitative, multi-sited and wide-ranging research, and having generated a list of more than 50 DAFs in Europe and conducted a first round of semi-structured in-depth interviews with 10 festival directors, I introduce a starting definition of Digital Arts Festivals. Based on three case studies from Southern Europe – the Semibreve festival in Braga, the MIRA festival in Barcelona and the ROBOT festival in Bologna – I present a theoretical apparatus and an analytical approach in dialogue with the concept of festivalscape, that allows us to expand the study of Digital Arts Festivals, especially from the tools of cultural sociology.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
(c) José Luis Reyes-Criado, 2023
Copyright
For all articles published in Artnodes that are subject to a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence, copyright is retained by the author(s). The complete text the license can be consulted at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. You may copy, distribute, transmit and adapt the work, provided you attribute it (authorship, journal name, publisher) in the manner specified by the author(s) or licensor(s).
Authors are responsible for obtaining the necessary licences for the images that are subject to copyright.
Assignment of intellectual property rights
The author non exclusively transfers the rights to use (reproduce, distribute, publicly broadcast or transform) and market the work, in full or part, to the journal’s editors in all present and future formats and modalities, in all languages, for the lifetime of the work and worldwide.
I hereby declare that I am the original author of the work. The editors shall thus not be held responsible for any obligation or legal action that may derive from the work submitted in terms of violation of third parties’ rights, whether intellectual property, trade secret or any other right.
José Luis Reyes-Criado, University of Granada (Spain) and University of Padova (Italy)
Degree in Scenography from ESAD in Cordoba with a double Master in Art History and New Media from the University of Pisa (IT), I am currently pursuing my PhD in international co-tutelage between the University of Granada and the University of Padova. My PhD project is situated as a humanistic and sociological study of European Digital Arts Festivals, with special reference to the fields of electronic music and digital arts. Specifically, my doctoral dissertation aims to analyse the functioning of such festivals from a symbolic, aesthetic and organizational point of view, in order to extend the research question to the role that festivals, as a cultural format, play in the evolution of the field of electronic music and digital arts at a European level. Since 2020, I have combined my academic life with my professional activity as a cultural manager and artistic director specializing in arts festivals and cultural mediation in rural areas.
Ahlers, Rob. “Showcasing european music festival networks: The case of Eurosonic Noorderslag”. PhD Thesis. University of Groningen, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.159223878
Anand, Narinder. “Defocalizing the organization: Richard A. Peterson’s sociology of organizations”. Poetics, vol. 28, no. 2-3, (2000): 173-184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-422X(00)00020-6
Ars Electronica. “Art, Technology, Society”, (n.d). [Accessed: 8 July 2021]. https://ars.electronica.art/about/en/history/
Baur, Christl. “Ars Electronica and the media art economy”. Journal of Visual Art Practice, vol. 19, no. 3, (2020): 241-253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14702029.2020.1804706
Bennett, Andy and Richard A. Peterson. Music Scenes: Local, Translocal and Virtual. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 2004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv17vf74v
Bennett, Andy and Ian Rogers. Popular Music Scenes and Cultural Memory. London: Palgrave , 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-40204-2
Bennett, Andy, Jodie Taylor and Ian Woodward. The Festivalization of Culture. London: Routledge, 2014.
Brzozowska, Blanka and Patryk Galuszka. “Building performance capital during hard lockdown: Insights from the ESNS 2021 virtual-only showcase festival”. Poetics, vol. 96, (2023): 101758. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101758
Chalcraft, Jasper and Paolo Magaudda. “‘Space is the Place’: The global localities of the Sónar and WOMAD music festivals”. In: Liana Giorgi, Monia Sassatelli and Gerard Delanty (eds.). Festivals and the Cultural Public Sphere (2011): 173-189. New York: Routledge.
Chen, Zhaoyu, Brian King and Wantanee Suntikul. “Festivalscapes and the Visitor Experience: An application of the Stimulus Organism Response approach”. International Journal of Tourism Research, vol. 21, no. 3, (2019): 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2302
Chang, Yu-Chien. “Creating Value through the Performing Arts Festival: The Multi-Stakeholder Approach”. Journal of Macromarketing, vol. 40, no. 2, (2020): 185-200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/02761467198946
Charmaz, Kathy. Constructing grounded theory: a practical guide through qualitative analysis. Los Angeles and London: SAGE, 2006.
Colombo, Alba. “Music Festivals and Eventfulness: Examining eventful cities by event genres and policy agendas”. Event Management, vol. 21, no. 5, (2017): 563-573. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3727/152599517X15053272359022
Colombo, Alba and Greg Richards. “Eventful Cities as Global Innovation Catalysts: The Sónar Festival network”. Event Management, vol. 21, no. 5, (2017): 621-634. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3727/152599517X15053272359077
De Geus, Sjanett, Greg Richards and Vera Toepoel. “Conceptualisation and Operationalisation of Event and Festival Experiences: Creation of an Event Experience Scale”. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, vol. 16, no. 3, (2016): 274-296. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2015.1101933
DiMaggio, Paul J. and Walter W. Powell. “The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields”. American Sociological Review, vol. 48, no. 2, (1983): 147-160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2095101
DiMaggio, Paul J. and Walter W. Powell (eds.). The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.
Druckrey, Timothy and Craig T. Palmer. Ars Electronica: Facing the future. A survey of two decades. Cambridge and London: The MIT Press, 1999.
Everts, Rick, Pauwke Berkers, and Erik Hitters. “Milestones in music: Reputations in the career building of musicians in the changing Dutch music industry”. Poetics, vol. 92, (2022): 101647. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2022.101647
Ferdinand, Nicole and Nigel L. Williams. “The making of the London Notting Hill Carnival festivalscape: Politics and power and the Notting Hill Carnival”. Tourism Management Perspectives, vol. 27, (2018): 33-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2018.04.004
Fligstein, Neil and Doug McAdam. A Theory of Fields. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199859948.001.0001
Galuszka, Patryk. “Showcase festivals as a gateway to foreign markets”. In: Chris Anderton and Sergio Pisfil (eds.). Researching Live Music. Gigs, Tours, Concerts and Festivals (2022): 56-67. New York: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780367405038-5
Giorgi, Liana. “Between Tradition, Vision and Imagination: The Public Sphere of Literature Festivals”. In: Liana Giorgi, Monica Sassatelli and Gerard Delanty (eds.). Festivals and the Cultural Public Sphere (2011): 29-44. New York: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1781241
Hirsch, Andreas J. Creating the Future: A brief history of Ars Electronica 1979–2019. Linz: Hatje Cantz, 2019.
Jarman, David. “Festival to Festival: Networked relationships between fringe festivals”. Event Management, vol. 25, no. 1, (2021): 99-113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3727/152599520X15894679115510
Lampel, Joseph and Alan D. Meyer. “Field-Configuring Events as Structuring Mechanisms: How Conferences, Ceremonies, and Trade Shows Constitute New Technologies, Industries, and Markets”. Journal of Management Studies, vol. 45, (2008): 1025-1035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2005.00534.x
Lee, Yong-Ki, Choong-Ki Lee, Seung-Kon Lee and Barry J. Babin. “Festivalscapes and patron’s emotions, satisfaction, and loyalty”. Journal of Business Research, vol. 61, no. 1, (2008): 56-64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.05.009
Magaudda, Paolo. “Dalle periferie al museo. Note sul processo di legittimazione culturale della musica elettronica da ballo”. Philomusica on-line, vol. 13, no. 2, (2014): 157-170. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.6092/1826-9001.13.1716
Magaudda, Paolo. “Towards a Cosmopolitan Weekend Dance Culture in Spain: From the Ruta Destroy to the Sónar Festival: Electronic Dance Music Festivals and Event-Cultures”. In: St John, G. (ed.). Weekend Societies. Electronic dance music festivals and event-cultures (2017): 175-194. New York: Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501311413.ch-009
Mason, Michela C. and Adriano Paggiaro. “Investigating the role of festivalscape in culinary tourism: The case of food and wine events”. Tourism Management, vol. 33, (2012): 1329-1336. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.12.016
Morgan, Michael. “What Makes a Good Festival? Understanding the event experience”. Event Management, vol. 12, no. 2, (2008): 81-93. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3727/152599509787992562
Mulder, Martijn, Erik Hitters and Paul Rutten. “The impact of festivalization on the Dutch live music action field: a thematic analysis”. Creative Industries Journal, vol. 14, no. 3, (2020): 245-268). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17510694.2020.1815396
Papastergiadis, Nikos and Meredith Martin. “Art Biennales and Cities as Platforms for Global Dialogue”. In: Liana Giorgi, Monica Sassatelli and Gerard Delanty (eds.). Festivals and the Cultural Public Sphere (2011): 29-44. New York: Routledge.
Paul, Christiane (ed.). A companion to digital art. Oxford: Wiley Blackwell, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118475249
Pegg, Shane and Ian Patterson. “Rethinking Music Festivals as a Staged Event: Gaining insights from understanding visitor motivations and the experiences they seek”. Journal of Convention & Event Tourism, vol. 11, no. 2, (2010): 85-99. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15470141003758035
Peterson, Richard A. (ed.). “The Production of Culture: A Prolegomenon”. American Behavioral Scientist, vol. 19, no. 6, (1976): 669-684. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/000276427601900601
Peterson, Richard A. “Culture studies through the production perspective: Progress and prospects.” The sociology of culture: Emerging theoretical perspectives (1994): 163-89. Oxford: Blackwell.
Peterson, Richard A. “Two Ways Culture is Produced”. Poetics, vol. 28, no. 2-3, (2000): 225-233. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-422X(00)00023-1
Peterson, Richard A. and Narinder Anand. “The Production of Culture Perspective”. Annual Review of Sociology, vol. 15, no. 30, (2004): 311-34. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.30.012703.110557
Richards, Greg and David Jarman. “Events as Platforms, Networks, and Communities”. Event Management, vol. 25, no. 1, (2021): 1-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3727/152599520X15894679115420
Santoro, Marco. “Culture As (And After) Production”. Cultural Sociology, vol. 2, no. 1, (2008): 7-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1749975507086273
Sassatelli, Monica (ed.). European Public Culture and Aesthetic Cosmopolitanism, EURO-FESTIVAL W.P.1 Main Report, 2008.
Sassattelli, Monica. “Urban Festivals and the Cultural Public Sphere: Cosmopolitanism between Ethics and Aesthetics”. In: Liana Giorgi, Monica Sassatelli and Gerard Delanty (eds.). Festivals and the Cultural Public Sphere (2011): 12-28. New York: Routledge.
Saunders, Benjamin, Julius Sim, Tom Kingstone, Shula Baker, Jackie Waterfield, Bernadette Bartlam, Heather Burroughs and Clare Jinks. “Saturation in Qualitative Research: exploring Its Conceptualization and Operationalization”. Quality & Quantity, vol. 52, no. 4, (2018): 1893-1907. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0574-8
Scott, W. Richard. Institutions and Organizations. London: Sage, 1995.
Segal, Jérôme and Christine Blumauer.. “Cannes: A French International Festival”. In: Liana Giorgi, Monica Sassatelli and Gerard Delanty (eds.). Festivals and the Cultural Public Sphere (2011): 12-28. New York: Routledge.
Shintani, Joyce. “Sónar 2005: Advanced Music and Multimedia Art”. Computer Music Journal, vol. 30, no. 1, (2006): 83-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/comj.2006.30.1.83
Shintani, Joyce and Metin Kara. “Sónar in 2009: 16th Barcelona International Festival of Advanced Music and Multimedia Art”. Computer Music Journal, vol. 34, no. 3, (2010): 67-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/COMJ_r_00007
St John, Graham (ed.). Weekend Societies. Electronic dance music festivals and event-cultures. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501311413
Straw, Will. “Systems of Articulation, Logics of Change: Communities and Scenes in Popular Music”. Cultural Studies, vol. 5, no. 3, (1991): 368-388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09502389100490311
van Veen, Tobias C. “Convergence and Soniculture: 10 Years of MUTEK”. Dancecult. Journal of Electronic Dance Music Culture, vol. 1, no. 1, (2009): 95-117. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12801/1947-5403.2009.01.01.06
van Veen, Tobias C. “Being-Scene at MUTEK: Remixing Spaces of Gender and Ethnicity in Electronic Music Performance”. In: Graham St John (ed.). Weekend Societies. Electronic dance music festivals and event-cultures (2017): 195-218. New York: Bloomsbury Academic. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781501311413.ch-010
Wilderom, Rens and Alex van Venrooij. “Intersecting fields: The influence of proximate field dynamics on the development of electronic/dance music in the US and UK”. Poetics, vol. 77, (2019): 101389. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2019.1013890
Similar Articles
- Nuria Rodríguez-Ortega, Five central concepts to think of Digital Humanities as a new digital humanism project , Artnodes: No. 22: (November 2018). NODE 22. Digital Humanities: societies, policies, knowledge (Editor: Nuria Rodríguez-Ortega)
- Marina Pastor, Moises Mañas, Media-apocalypse. Dissection, regeneration, and repair: agents for the development of technocratic-ludic zombie systems , Artnodes: No. 21: (June 2018). NODE 21. Media Archaeology (Editors: Pau Alsina, Ana Rodríguez, Vanina Hofman)
- Salomé Cuesta Valera, Paula Fernández Valdés, Salvador Muñoz Viñas, NFT and digital art: new possibilities for the consumption, dissemination and preservation of contemporary works of art , Artnodes: No. 28: (July 2021). NODE 28. In the limits of what is possible: art, science and technology (Guest Editors: Paloma Díaz, Andrea García)
- Francisco Tito Rivas, Archaeology of sound devices: aural technologies , Artnodes: No. 21: (June 2018). NODE 21. Media Archaeology (Editors: Pau Alsina, Ana Rodríguez, Vanina Hofman)
- Raquel Herrera, Creating the artworld of literature and technology: The Electronic Literature Collection as a key resource for digital art research , Artnodes: No. 19: (June 2017). NODE 19. Art and speculative futures (coord.: Ana Rodriguez Granell)
- Louise Mackenzie, Robertina Šebjanič, Karolina Żyniewicz, Isabel Burr Raty, Dalila Honorato, Staying in Touch: case study of artistic research during the COVID-19 lock-down , Artnodes: No. 27: (January 2021). Node 27. Arts in the Time of Pandemic (Guest Editors: Laura Benítez & Erich Berger)
- Luis David Rivero Moreno, Blockchain culture and digital image precariousness. Questioning NFTs as an art preservation strategy , Artnodes: No. 33: (January 2024). NODE 33. Media Artivism: On the Archaeology and History of Digital Culture for Social Change (Guest Editors: Carolina Fernández-Castrillo & Diego Mantoan)
- Umberto Luigi Roncoroni Osio, Criticisms of digital art: foundations and theoretical limits , Artnodes: No. 28: (July 2021). NODE 28. In the limits of what is possible: art, science and technology (Guest Editors: Paloma Díaz, Andrea García)
- Ebru Yetişkin, İsmail Yiğit, Didem Ermiş, Artistic research within a lab of possibilities: exploring post-digital ignorance in “a’21 amberNetworkFestival” , Artnodes: No. 30
- Pau Alsina, On art and computing: an introduction to digital art , Artnodes: No. 4: (July 2005). NODE 4. Calculability (Editor: Pau Alsina)
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.