Computational thinking and visual programming through blocks in the elementary school classroom

This paper highlights creative computing in elementary education from a playful and active perspective through visual programming languages using Scratch with a pedagogical approach. Participatory activities focused on game-based learning were implemented. The study sample consisted of an experimental group of 109 6th-grade students. Averages are compared statistically with a control group and non-parametric analysis, providing data triangulation with group interviews. The research process focuses on the implementation of a design-based research strategy using complementary methods, data analysis and tools from quantitative and qualitative approaches. The Mann-Whitney U Test showed significant improvements with regard to sequences to create music. Advantages were found in the use of computational concepts, especially when working with loops; elements which allow for parallel execution and the ability to create and play music through educational technology.