Squeaky/Pain: articular la experiencia sentida del dolor para el diseño de interacciones somaestéticas
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Este artículo ilustrado muestra las herramientas metodológicas para articular la experiencia sentida del dolor crónico que se emplean en el diseño de interacciones somaestéticas. Para ello, presenta el proceso de diseño de un estudio de caso denominado Squeaky/Pain, una extensión del soma cuyo objetivo es aumentar la conciencia somaestética del dolor implícita en la apreciación de sensaciones tanto placenteras como molestas. La extensión del soma es un dispositivo ponible interactivo que proporciona una interacción sonido-movimiento para reproducir la experiencia de dolor del usuario, desde el sufrimiento hasta el alivio. El estudio se centra en un aspecto poco explorado de las interacciones somaestéticas: la mediación de experiencias perturbadoras para la apreciación de la conciencia sensorial. A través de la extensión del soma que media experiencias perturbadoras, el estudio pretende mejorar el conocimiento somático de las personas y, por ende, de sus vidas. El proceso de diseño de Squeaky/Pain requiere testimonios detallados de experiencias corporales vividas para crear interacciones somaestéticas. Para acceder a una narrativa detallada de las experiencias sentidas se emplearon varias herramientas con el fin de articular la experiencia de dolor en primera y segunda persona para su uso en el diseño. Se trata de diferentes tipos de mapas corporales, análisis de vídeos, estudios de materiales y formas, diarios, entrevistas en profundidad y autoentrevistas. Las fases de ideación y prueba han demostrado que estas herramientas se complementan entre sí para acceder a los multifacéticos aspectos de las experiencias sentidas. En este artículo ilustrado mostramos cómo pueden aplicarse las herramientas visuales, verbales y escritas para revelar experiencias corporales implícitas con el fin de conformar el diseño de interacciones somaestéticas.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
(c) Arife Dila Demir, Kristi Kuusk, Nithikul Nimkulrat, 2022
Arife Dila Demir, Estonian Academy of Arts
Arife Dila Demir es estudiante de doctorado en la Estonian Academy of Arts, donde ha obtenido un máster en Diseño Textil. Su investigación se centra en el diseño somático, la somaestética, la estética del involucramiento corporal, las interacciones basadas en el movimiento, los textiles interactivos y el diseño crítico y especulativo. Demir ha trabajado como profesora adjunta en la Estonian Academy of Arts (otoño de 2019). También ha trabajado como diseñadora de vestuario de textiles electrónicos en un proyecto realizado conjuntamente por un artista y la Tallinn University, financiado por la residencia Vertigo STARTS (2019-2020). Además, ha participado como artista e investigadora en el programa de residencias STARTS.EE realizado por el grupo HCI de la Tallinn University en colaboración con elektron.art. Recientemente ha publicado “AURA: Altering Self-Perception Through Interactive Light Emitting Textiles” en Proceedings of the 11th NordiCHI: Shaping Experiences, Shaping Society (2020) y “‘Squeaky/Pain’: Cultivating Disturbing Experiences and Perspective Transition for Somaesthetic Interactions” en Diseña Journal (2022).
Kristi Kuusk, Estonian Academy of Arts
Kristi Kuusk es profesora adjunta e investigadora principal en el Grupo de Investigación en Diseño de la Estonian Academy of Arts. Se interesa en la búsqueda de futuros alternativos para el diseño de vestuario y textiles mediante la aplicación de tecnología. Combina la práctica (ha sido seleccionada para colaborar en dos proyectos de la UE: STARTS Residencies y WORTH Partnership Project) con la presentación y publicación de investigaciones en foros internacionales. Sus últimas publicaciones incluyen: “A transdisciplinary collaborative journey leading to sensorial clothing” en CoDesign - International Journal of CoCreation in Design and the Arts (2020) y “Altering One’s Body-perception Through E-Textiles and Haptic Metaphors” en Frontiers in Robotics and AI (2020).
Nithikul Nimkulrat, OCAD University
Nithikul Nimkulrat es profesora adjunta y presidenta en funciones del programa Material Art & Design de la OCAD University de Canadá. Antes de su nombramiento trabajó en la Estonian Academy of Arts (2013–2018), la Loughborough University (Reino Unido, 2011–2013) y la Aalto University (Finlandia, 2004–2010), donde obtuvo el doctorado en Diseño en 2009. Sus últimas publicaciones incluyen: “Experiential Craft: Knowing through Analogue and Digital Materials Experience” en el libro Materials Experience 2 (Elsevier, 2021), “Decoloniality of Knowing and Being: Artistic Research Through Collaborative Craft Practice” en el libro Arts-Based Methods for Decolonising Participatory Research (Routledge, 2021), y “Translational Craft: Handmade and Gestural Knowledge in Analogue-Digital Material Practice” en Craft Research (Volumen 11, Número 2, 2020). Es editora principal del número especial de CoDesign titulado “Knowing Together – Experiential Knowledge and Collaboration” (Volumen 16, Número 4, 2020).
Demir, Arife Dila, Nithikul Nimkulrat, and Kristi Kuusk. 2022. “‘Squeaky/Pain’: Cultivating Disturbing Experiences and Perspective Transition for Somaesthetic Interactions.” Diseña 20: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.7764/disena.20.Article.2
Gastaldo, Denise, Natalia Rivas-Quarneti, and Lilian Magalhães. 2018. “Body-Map Storytelling as a Health Research Methodology: Blurred Lines Creating Clear Pictures.” Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-19.2.2858
Given, Lisa M., ed. 2008. The Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Gubrium, Jaber, and James Holstein. 2001. Handbook of Interview Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412973588
Höök, Kristina. 2018. Designing with the Body: Somaesthetic Interaction Design. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Höök, Kristina, Baptiste Caramiaux, Cumhur Erkut, Jodi Forlizzi, Nassrin Hajinejad, Michael Haller, Caroline Hummels, Katherine Isbister, Martin Jonsson, George Khut, Lian Loke, Danielle Lottridge, Patrizia Marti, Edward Melcer, Florian F. Müller, Marianne G. Petersen, Thecla Schiphorst, Elena M. Segura, Anna Ståhl, Dag Svanæs, Jakob Tholander, and Helena Tobiasson. 2018. “Embracing First-Person Perspectives in Soma-Based Design.” Informatics 5 (1): 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics5010008
Ladores, Sigrid. 2020. “Applying Petitmengin’s Explicitation Interview Method to Elicit the Lived Experience of Breathing Upon Waking by an Individual With Cystic Fibrosis.” Journal of Patient Experience 7 (6): 856–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373520956740
Loke, Lian, and Toni Robertson. 2013. “Moving and Making Strange: An Embodied Approach to Movement-Based Interaction Design.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 20 (1): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1145/2442106.2442113
McSwite, O.C. 2000. “On the Discourse Movement—A Self Interview.” Administrative Theory & Praxis 22 (1): 49–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2000.11643426
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2016. “Felt-Sensing Archetypes: Analysing Patterns of Accessing Tacit Meaning in Design.” In Proceedings of the 28th Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction - OzCHI ’16, 462–71. Launceston: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3010915.3010932
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2017. “Tacit Narratives: Surfacing Aesthetic Meaning by Using Wearable Props and Focusing.” In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, 233–42. Yokohama: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3024969.3024979
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2020. “Getting into Someone Else’s Soul : Communicating Embodied Experience.” Digital Creativity 31 (4): 245–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/14626268.2020.1835987
Pauwels, Luc, and Dawn Mannay. 2020. The SAGE Handbook of Visual Research Methods. London: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526417015
Scarry, Elaine. 1985. The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shusterman, Richard. 2006. “Thinking through the Body, Educating for the Humanities: A Plea for Somaesthetics.” Journal of Aesthetic Education 40 (1): 1–21. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4140215
Smeenk, Wina, Oscar Tomico, and Koen van Turnhout. 2016. “A Systematic Analysis of Mixed Perspectives in Empathic Design: Not One Perspective Encompasses All.” International Journal of Design 10 (2): 19.
Stanton, Tasha R., and Charles Spence. 2020. “The Influence of Auditory Cues on Bodily and Movement Perception.” Frontiers in Psychology, 17 January 2020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03001
Tennent, Paul, Kristina Höök, Steve Benford, Vasiliki Tsaknaki, Anna Ståhl, Claudia Dauden Roquet, Charles Windlin, Pedro Sanches, Joe Marshall, Christine Li, Juan Pablo Martinez Avila, Miquel Alfaras, Muhammad Umair, and Feng Zhou. 2021. “Articulating Soma Experiences Using Trajectories.” In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–16. Yokohama: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445482
Valle-Noronha, Julia. 2019. Becoming with Clothes. Activating Wearer-Worn Engagements through Design. Espoo: Aalto School of Art and Design.
Wilde, Danielle, Thecla Schiphorst, and Sietske Klooster. 2011. “Move to Design/Design to Move: A Conversation about Designing for the Body.” Interactions 18 (4): 22–27. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978822.1978828
Demir, Arife Dila, Nithikul Nimkulrat, and Kristi Kuusk. 2022. “‘Squeaky/Pain’: Cultivating Disturbing Experiences and Perspective Transition for Somaesthetic Interactions.” Diseña 20: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.7764/disena.20.Article.2
Gastaldo, Denise, Natalia Rivas-Quarneti, and Lilian Magalhães. 2018. “Body-Map Storytelling as a Health Research Methodology: Blurred Lines Creating Clear Pictures.” Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-19.2.2858
Given, Lisa M., ed. 2008. The Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Gubrium, Jaber, and James Holstein. 2001. Handbook of Interview Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412973588
Höök, Kristina. 2018. Designing with the Body: Somaesthetic Interaction Design. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Höök, Kristina, Baptiste Caramiaux, Cumhur Erkut, Jodi Forlizzi, Nassrin Hajinejad, Michael Haller, Caroline Hummels, Katherine Isbister, Martin Jonsson, George Khut, Lian Loke, Danielle Lottridge, Patrizia Marti, Edward Melcer, Florian F. Müller, Marianne G. Petersen, Thecla Schiphorst, Elena M. Segura, Anna Ståhl, Dag Svanæs, Jakob Tholander, and Helena Tobiasson. 2018. “Embracing First-Person Perspectives in Soma-Based Design.” Informatics 5 (1): 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics5010008
Ladores, Sigrid. 2020. “Applying Petitmengin’s Explicitation Interview Method to Elicit the Lived Experience of Breathing Upon Waking by an Individual With Cystic Fibrosis.” Journal of Patient Experience 7 (6): 856–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373520956740
Loke, Lian, and Toni Robertson. 2013. “Moving and Making Strange: An Embodied Approach to Movement-Based Interaction Design.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 20 (1): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1145/2442106.2442113
McSwite, O.C. 2000. “On the Discourse Movement—A Self Interview.” Administrative Theory & Praxis 22 (1): 49–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2000.11643426
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2016. “Felt-Sensing Archetypes: Analysing Patterns of Accessing Tacit Meaning in Design.” In Proceedings of the 28th Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction - OzCHI ’16, 462–71. Launceston: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3010915.3010932
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2017. “Tacit Narratives: Surfacing Aesthetic Meaning by Using Wearable Props and Focusing.” In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, 233–42. Yokohama: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3024969.3024979
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2020. “Getting into Someone Else’s Soul : Communicating Embodied Experience.” Digital Creativity 31 (4): 245–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/14626268.2020.1835987
Pauwels, Luc, and Dawn Mannay. 2020. The SAGE Handbook of Visual Research Methods. London: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526417015
Scarry, Elaine. 1985. The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shusterman, Richard. 2006. “Thinking through the Body, Educating for the Humanities: A Plea for Somaesthetics.” Journal of Aesthetic Education 40 (1): 1–21. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4140215
Smeenk, Wina, Oscar Tomico, and Koen van Turnhout. 2016. “A Systematic Analysis of Mixed Perspectives in Empathic Design: Not One Perspective Encompasses All.” International Journal of Design 10 (2): 19.
Stanton, Tasha R., and Charles Spence. 2020. “The Influence of Auditory Cues on Bodily and Movement Perception.” Frontiers in Psychology, 17 January 2020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03001
Tennent, Paul, Kristina Höök, Steve Benford, Vasiliki Tsaknaki, Anna Ståhl, Claudia Dauden Roquet, Charles Windlin, Pedro Sanches, Joe Marshall, Christine Li, Juan Pablo Martinez Avila, Miquel Alfaras, Muhammad Umair, and Feng Zhou. 2021. “Articulating Soma Experiences Using Trajectories.” In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–16. Yokohama: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445482
Valle-Noronha, Julia. 2019. Becoming with Clothes. Activating Wearer-Worn Engagements through Design. Espoo: Aalto School of Art and Design.
Wilde, Danielle, Thecla Schiphorst, and Sietske Klooster. 2011. “Move to Design/Design to Move: A Conversation about Designing for the Body.” Interactions 18 (4): 22–27. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978822.1978828
Demir, Arife Dila, Nithikul Nimkulrat, and Kristi Kuusk. 2022. “‘Squeaky/Pain’: Cultivating Disturbing Experiences and Perspective Transition for Somaesthetic Interactions.” Diseña 20: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.7764/disena.20.Article.2
Gastaldo, Denise, Natalia Rivas-Quarneti, and Lilian Magalhães. 2018. “Body-Map Storytelling as a Health Research Methodology: Blurred Lines Creating Clear Pictures.” Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 19(2). https://doi.org/10.17169/fqs-19.2.2858
Given, Lisa M., ed. 2008. The Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Research Methods. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.
Gubrium, Jaber, and James Holstein. 2001. Handbook of Interview Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412973588
Höök, Kristina. 2018. Designing with the Body: Somaesthetic Interaction Design. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Höök, Kristina, Baptiste Caramiaux, Cumhur Erkut, Jodi Forlizzi, Nassrin Hajinejad, Michael Haller, Caroline Hummels, Katherine Isbister, Martin Jonsson, George Khut, Lian Loke, Danielle Lottridge, Patrizia Marti, Edward Melcer, Florian F. Müller, Marianne G. Petersen, Thecla Schiphorst, Elena M. Segura, Anna Ståhl, Dag Svanæs, Jakob Tholander, and Helena Tobiasson. 2018. “Embracing First-Person Perspectives in Soma-Based Design.” Informatics 5 (1): 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics5010008
Ladores, Sigrid. 2020. “Applying Petitmengin’s Explicitation Interview Method to Elicit the Lived Experience of Breathing Upon Waking by an Individual With Cystic Fibrosis.” Journal of Patient Experience 7 (6): 856–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/2374373520956740
Loke, Lian, and Toni Robertson. 2013. “Moving and Making Strange: An Embodied Approach to Movement-Based Interaction Design.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 20 (1): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1145/2442106.2442113
McSwite, O.C. 2000. “On the Discourse Movement—A Self Interview.” Administrative Theory & Praxis 22 (1): 49–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/10841806.2000.11643426
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2016. “Felt-Sensing Archetypes: Analysing Patterns of Accessing Tacit Meaning in Design.” In Proceedings of the 28th Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction - OzCHI ’16, 462–71. Launceston: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3010915.3010932
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2017. “Tacit Narratives: Surfacing Aesthetic Meaning by Using Wearable Props and Focusing.” In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction, 233–42. Yokohama: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3024969.3024979
Núñez-Pacheco, Claudia, and Lian Loke. 2020. “Getting into Someone Else’s Soul : Communicating Embodied Experience.” Digital Creativity 31 (4): 245–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/14626268.2020.1835987
Pauwels, Luc, and Dawn Mannay. 2020. The SAGE Handbook of Visual Research Methods. London: Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526417015
Scarry, Elaine. 1985. The Body in Pain: The Making and Unmaking of the World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shusterman, Richard. 2006. “Thinking through the Body, Educating for the Humanities: A Plea for Somaesthetics.” Journal of Aesthetic Education 40 (1): 1–21. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4140215
Smeenk, Wina, Oscar Tomico, and Koen van Turnhout. 2016. “A Systematic Analysis of Mixed Perspectives in Empathic Design: Not One Perspective Encompasses All.” International Journal of Design 10 (2): 19.
Stanton, Tasha R., and Charles Spence. 2020. “The Influence of Auditory Cues on Bodily and Movement Perception.” Frontiers in Psychology, 17 January 2020. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03001
Tennent, Paul, Kristina Höök, Steve Benford, Vasiliki Tsaknaki, Anna Ståhl, Claudia Dauden Roquet, Charles Windlin, Pedro Sanches, Joe Marshall, Christine Li, Juan Pablo Martinez Avila, Miquel Alfaras, Muhammad Umair, and Feng Zhou. 2021. “Articulating Soma Experiences Using Trajectories.” In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–16. Yokohama: ACM. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445482
Valle-Noronha, Julia. 2019. Becoming with Clothes. Activating Wearer-Worn Engagements through Design. Espoo: Aalto School of Art and Design.
Wilde, Danielle, Thecla Schiphorst, and Sietske Klooster. 2011. “Move to Design/Design to Move: A Conversation about Designing for the Body.” Interactions 18 (4): 22–27. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978822.1978828