1.5. Les années 1800 en Italie: Une sphère académique en plein renouveau

As a pensionnaire of the King of Spain in Rome at the beginning of the 19th century, Antoni Celles is witness to great changes in the Italian academic sphere. The revolutionary episode and later the Napoleonic times induces profound upheaval within the peninsula which is becoming influenced by The French Model. This also impacts its most famous artistic institutions. The case of Rome and the Accademia di San Luca is particularly revealing; as a cross-study of the latter in conjunction with the evolution of the Accademia di Brera in Milan during the same period, allows us to better understand the magnitude of this phenomenon. The Lombard metropolis, having reached the unprecedented position of capital, sees its academy of modest origins, endowed with pioneering statutes, becoming a major reference point in the context of the much demanded reformation of the prestigious Accademia di San Luca after the fall of the Roman Republic. Many of the innovative principles that prevailed within these institutions in the 19^th century were thus able to inspire Antoni Celles to create a modern school of architecture within the Llotja upon his return to Spain.