Summability and duality
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Soumitra Ghara
Université Laval (Quebec, Canadà). Département de mathématiques et de statistique
Javad Mashreghi
Université Laval (Quebec, Canadà). Département de mathématiques et de statistique
Thomas Ransford
Université Laval (Quebec, Canadà). Département de mathématiques et de statistique
We formalize the observation that the same summability methods converge in a Banach space X and its dual X∗. At the same time we determine conditions under which these methods converge in weak and weak* topologies on X and X∗ respectively. We also derive a general limitation theorem, which yields a necessary condition for the convergence of a summability method in X. These results are then illustrated by applications to a wide variety of function spaces, including spaces of continuous functions, Lebesgue spaces, the disk algebra, Hardy and Bergman spaces, the
BMOA space, the Bloch space, and de Branges–Rovnyak spaces. Our approach shows that all these applications flow from just two abstract theorems.
Paraules clau
Summability, Limitation theorem, Cesàro mean, Banach space, Dual space
Article Details
Com citar
Ghara, Soumitra et al. “Summability and duality”. Publicacions Matemàtiques, vol.VOL 68, no. 2, pp. 407-29, https://raco.cat/index.php/PublicacionsMatematiques/article/view/430115.
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J. Mashreghi, P.-O. Parise, and T. Ransford ´ , Failure of approximation of odd functions by odd polynomials, Constr. Approx. 56(1) (2022), 35–43. DOI: 10.1007/s00365-021-09557-y
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J. Mashreghi and T. Ransford, Outer functions and divergence in de Branges–Rovnyak spaces, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory 12(4) (2018), 987–995. DOI: 10.1007/s11785-018-0772-y.
J. Mashreghi and T. Ransford, Linear polynomial approximation schemes in Banach holomorphic function spaces, Anal. Math. Phys. 9(2) (2019), 899–905. DOI: 10.1007/s13324-019-00312-y
M. Riesz, Sur les s´eries de Dirichlet et les s´eries enti`eres, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 149 (1910), 909–912.
D. Sarason, Doubly shift-invariant spaces in H2 , J. Operator Theory 16(1) (1986), 75–97.
D. Sarason, Sub-Hardy Hilbert Spaces in the Unit Disk, Univ. Arkansas Lecture Notes Math. Sci. 10, Wiley-Intersci. Publ., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1994.
D. Sarason, Local Dirichlet spaces as de Branges–Rovnyak spaces, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 125(7) (1997), 2133–2139. DOI: 10.1090/S0002-9939-97-03896-3
D. Vukotic´, The isoperimetric inequality and a theorem of Hardy and Littlewood, Amer. Math. Monthly 110(6) (2003), 532–536. DOI: 10.2307/3647909
K. Zhu, Duality of Bloch spaces and norm convergence of Taylor series, Michigan Math. J. 38(1) (1991), 89–101. DOI: 10.1307/mmj/1029004264
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J. M. Anderson, J. Clunie, and Ch. Pommerenke, On Bloch functions and normal functions, J. Reine Angew. Math. 270 (1974), 12–37. DOI: 10.1515/crll.1974.270.12
O. El-Fallah, E. Fricain, K. Kellay, J. Mashreghi, and T. Ransford, Constructive approximation in de Branges–Rovnyak spaces, Constr. Approx. 44(2) (2016), 269–281. DOI: 10.1007/s00365-015-9312-4
E. Fricain and J. Mashreghi, The Theory of H(b) Spaces. Vol. 1, New Math. Monogr. 20, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016.
E. Fricain and J. Mashreghi, The Theory of H(b) Spaces. Vol. 2, New Math. Monogr. 21 Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016.
J. B. Garnett, Bounded Analytic Functions, Revised first edition, Grad. Texts in Math. 236, Springer, New York, 2007. DOI: 10.1007/0-387-49763-3
G. H. Hardy, On the summability of Fourier’s series, Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 12(1) (1913), 365–372. DOI: 10.1112/plms/s2-12.1.365
G. H. Hardy, Divergent Series, With a preface by J. E. Littlewood and a note by L. S. Bosanquet, Reprint of the revised (1963) edition, Editions Jacques Gabay, Sceaux, 1992.
Mashreghi, P.-O. Parise, and T. Ransford ´ , Ces`aro summability of Taylor series in weighted Dirichlet spaces, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory 15(1) (2021), Paper no. 7, 8 pp.
DOI: 10.1007/s11785-020-01058-3
J. Mashreghi, P.-O. Parise, and T. Ransford ´ , Failure of approximation of odd functions by odd polynomials, Constr. Approx. 56(1) (2022), 35–43. DOI: 10.1007/s00365-021-09557-y
J. Mashreghi, P.-O. Parise, and T. Ransford ´ , Power-series summability methods in de Branges–Rovnyak spaces, Integral Equations Operator Theory 94(2) (2022), Paper no. 20, 17 pp. DOI: 10.1007/s00020-022-02698-0
J. Mashreghi and T. Ransford, Outer functions and divergence in de Branges–Rovnyak spaces, Complex Anal. Oper. Theory 12(4) (2018), 987–995. DOI: 10.1007/s11785-018-0772-y.
J. Mashreghi and T. Ransford, Linear polynomial approximation schemes in Banach holomorphic function spaces, Anal. Math. Phys. 9(2) (2019), 899–905. DOI: 10.1007/s13324-019-00312-y
M. Riesz, Sur les s´eries de Dirichlet et les s´eries enti`eres, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris 149 (1910), 909–912.
D. Sarason, Doubly shift-invariant spaces in H2 , J. Operator Theory 16(1) (1986), 75–97.
D. Sarason, Sub-Hardy Hilbert Spaces in the Unit Disk, Univ. Arkansas Lecture Notes Math. Sci. 10, Wiley-Intersci. Publ., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1994.
D. Sarason, Local Dirichlet spaces as de Branges–Rovnyak spaces, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 125(7) (1997), 2133–2139. DOI: 10.1090/S0002-9939-97-03896-3
D. Vukotic´, The isoperimetric inequality and a theorem of Hardy and Littlewood, Amer. Math. Monthly 110(6) (2003), 532–536. DOI: 10.2307/3647909
K. Zhu, Duality of Bloch spaces and norm convergence of Taylor series, Michigan Math. J. 38(1) (1991), 89–101. DOI: 10.1307/mmj/1029004264
K. Zhu, Operator Theory in Function Spaces, Second edition, Math. Surveys Monogr. 138, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2007. DOI: 10.1090/surv/138