El papel de la regulación del suelo en el control de alquileres la evolución divergente de Viena y Milán

Article Sidebar

pdf (Castellano)

Main Article Content

Marco Peverini
Politecnico di Milano. Department of Architecture and Urban Studies

El control de alquileres se concibe principalmente como una forma de regulación del parque de viviendas existente para alcanzar unos resultados
de asequibilidad aceptables y proteger a los inquilinos ante posibles aumentos de precios. Con el tiempo, la propensión a regular el mercado
del alquiler ha disminuido en la mayoría de los países y se ha favorecido la liberalización como forma de incentivar la construcción y renovación
de viviendas. Recientemente, a raíz de la creciente crisis de asequibilidad en el segmento de alquiler, especialmente en ciudades atractivas y
en crecimiento, está surgiendo un nuevo debate sobre cómo conseguir viviendas más asequibles, en tanto que infraestructuras económicas fundamentales. El presente artículo contribuye a este debate, introduciendo la hipótesis según la cual las políticas que configuran la regulación del suelo son esenciales para aplicar y mantener un control efectivo de alquileres. El artículo explora este argumento teórico, examinando las tendencias divergentes en las estrategias de control de alquileres en Viena y Milán, y trazando las relaciones con la regulación del suelo. Los resultados muestran que el control de alquileres se fue desregulando gradualmente en ambos casos. Sin embargo, mientras que en Viena las políticas activas de suelo han facilitado un giro hacia el sector de la vivienda de lucro limitado y un control del parque de alquiler, en Milán, en cambio, el enfoque neoliberal en la regulación del suelo ha dificultado la generación de nuevas viviendas asequibles y ha amenazado el parque existente.

Keywords
Vivienda de alquiler, Vivienda asequible, Regulación del suelo, Viena, Milán

Article Details

How to Cite
Peverini, Marco. “El papel de la regulación del suelo en el control de alquileres: la evolución divergente de Viena y Milán”. Papers: Regió Metropolitana de Barcelona: Territori, estratègies, planejament, no. 66, pp. 179-93, https://raco.cat/index.php/PapersIERMB/article/view/429385.
References
Aalbers, M. B. (2015). The Great Moderation, the Great Excess and the global housing crisis. International Journal of Housing Policy, 15(1), 43–60.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14616718.2014.997431

Alves, S. (2020). Divergence in planning for affordable housing: A comparative analysis of England and Portugal. Progress in Planning: 1-21.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2020.100536

Bricocoli, M., Salento A. (2019). Housing and the grounded city: rent extraction and social innovations. In Barbera F., Rees Jones I. (Eds.), The
Foundational Economy and Citizenship: Comparative perspectives on civil repair, Policy Press.

Camagni, R. (2016). Urban development and control on urban land rents. Annals of Regional Science, 56, 597–615.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-015-0733-6

Christophers, B. (2017). The State and Financialization of Public Land in the United Kingdom, Antipode Vol. 49 No. 1 2017, pp. 62–85.
https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.12267

Czischke, D., van Bortel G. (2018). An exploration of concepts and polices on ‘affordable housing’ in England, Italy, Poland and The Netherlands.
Journal of Housing and the Built Environment. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-018-9598-1

Debrunner, G., Kaufmann, D. (2023). Land valuation in densifying cities: The negotiation process between institutional landowners and municipal
planning authorities. Land Use Policy 132:106813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2023.106813

Debrunner, G., Hartmann,T. (2020). Strategic use of land policy instruments for affordable housing – Coping with social challenges under scarce
land conditions in Swiss cities. Land Use Policy, Volume 99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104993.

Engelen, E., Froud, J., Johal, S., Salento, A., Williams, K. (2017). The grounded city: from competitivity to the foundational economy. Cambridge
Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, 10, 3: 407–423. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjres/rsx016

GBV (2016). 70 Jahre Österreichischer Verband Gemeinnütziger Bauvereinigungen Revisionsverband, available at: https://cms.gbv.at/repos/
files/GBV/Preview%5fimages/festschrift%2epdf?exp=13947&fps=ecd5ee0f5073af19ac84baadf23c16506470710f

Getzner, M., Kadi, J. (2020). Determinants of land consumption in Austria and the effects of spatial planning regulations. Eur Plan Stud 28:1095–1117. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1604634

Gurran, N., Whitehead C. (2011). Planning and Affordable Housing in Australia and the UK: A Comparative Perspective. Housing Studies, 26:7-
8, 1193-1214, https://doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2011.618982

Haffner, M., Hegedüs J., Knorr-Siedow T. (2018).The Private Rental Sector in Western Europe, in Hegedüs, J. Lux M., Horváth V. (Eds.), Private
Rental Housing in Transition Countries. An Alternative to Owner Occupation?, Palgrave Macmillan, London.
https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50710-5

Haila, A. (2016). Urban Land Rent. Singapore As a Property State, John Wiley & Sons Ltd: Chichester.

Hartmann, T., Spit, T. (2015). Dilemmas of involvement in land management – comparing an active (Dutch) and a passive (German) approach. Land
Use Policy 42, 729–737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2014.10.004

Harvey, D. (1982). The Limits to Capital. Oxford: Blackwell.

Harvey, D. (1989). From Managerialism to Entrepreneurialism: The Transformation in Urban Governance in Late Capitalism. Geografiska Annaler. Series B, Human Geography, vol. 71, n. 1, pp. 3-17. https://doi.org/10.2307/490503

Harvey, D. (2001). Spaces of Capital: Towards a Critical Geography. Edinburgh University Press.

Hoekstra, J. (2020). Comparing Local Instead of National Housing Regimes? Towards International Comparative Housing Research 2.0. Critical
Housing Analysis, Volume 7, Issue 1, p. 74-85. https://doi.org/10.13060/23362839.2020.7.1.505

Kadi, J. (2015). Recommodifying housing in formerly ‘Red’ Vienna?. Housing, Theory and Society, 32 (3): 247-265. https://doi.org/10.1080/1403
6096.2015.1024885

Kadi, J., Vollmer, L., Stein, S. (2021). Post-neoliberal housing policy? Disentangling recent reforms in New York, Berlin and Vienna. European Urban
and Regional Studies, 28:353–374. https://doi.org/10.1177/09697764211003626

Kaika, M., Ruggiero, L. (2016). Land Financialization as a ‘lived’ process: The transformation of Milan’s Bicocca by Pirelli. European Urban and
Regional Studies, Vol. 23(1) 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0969776413484166

Kampschulte, A. (2006). New perspectives for Vienna: Repositioning between East and West. In Schneider-Sliwa R. (Ed.), Cities in Transition. The GeoJournal Library, vol 83. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3867-4_9

Kinschner, M. (2020). “The new zoning category “subsidised housing” as an instrument of land policy”, in: IBA_Wien 2022/future.lab (eds.), New
Social Housing. Positions on IBA_Vienna 2022, Jovis, Berlin: 54-57.

Knoll, K., Schularick, M., Steger, T. (2017). No price like home: Global house prices, 1870-2012. American Economic Review, 107(2): 331-353. https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20150501

Lawson, J. (2010). Path Dependency and Emergent Relations: Explaining the Different Role of Limited Profit Housing in the Dynamic Urban Regimes of Vienna and Zurich. Housing, Theory and Society, 27:3, 204-220. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036090903326437

Lawson, J., Ruonavaara, H. (2020). Land policy for affordable and inclusive housing. An international review, report for Smartland.

Madden, D., Marcuse, P. (2016). In defense of Housing. The politics of crisis, London, Verso.

Mundt, A., Amann, W. (2018). ‘Wiener Wohnbauinitiative’: a new financing vehicle for affordable housing in Vienna, Austria. In van Bortel G., Gruis,
V., Nieuwenhuijzen, J., Pluijmers, B. (Eds.), Affordable Housing Governance and Finance. Innovations, Partnerships and Comparative Perspectives. Milton: Routledge.

OECD (2020). Policy actions for affordable housing in Latvia, report published by OECD and available at: http://www.oecd.org/economy/latvia-economic-snapshot/

Peverini M. (2023), Promoting rental housing affordability in European cities. Learning from the cases of Milan and Vienna, London: Springer.

Rutland, T. (2010). The financialization of urban redevelopment. Geography Compass, Vol. 4, Issue 8, pp. 1167-1178.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-8198.2010.00348.x

The Foundational Economy Collective (2020). Economía fundamental: la infraestructura de la vida cotidiana, Economistas sin Fronteras.

Whitehead, C. Williams, P. (2018). Assessing the evidence on Rent Control from an International Perspective, LSE London.

Whitehead, C., Markkanen, S., Monk, S., Scanlon, K. Tang, C. (2012). The Private Rented Sector in the New Century – A Comparative Approach, University of Cambridge.