Un escrito polémico de Arnaldo de Vilanova (1242-1311)

I present to the reader the translation of the text De gladius iugulans thomatistas (The sword that slaughters the thomatists) of the Catalan philosopher, doctor and alchemist Arnold of Vilanova (1242-1311). The text teaches the tension between the ideas of the Spiritual Franciscans of the Late Middle Ages, usually linked to the thought of the Calabrian Abbot Joachim of Fiore (12th century) and the scholasticism of the Dominicans. From the contact of Arnold of Vilanova with the Aragonese Court, we have the link between three important themes for the current studies of the presence of medieval political ideas in Latin-American colonial: the Feasts of the Empire of the Divine of Luso-Brazilian tradition, the Franciscans and the Joachimites. In terms of content, the translated text summarizes the main topics covered in the works of the Catalan philosopher, including: the figurative interpretation of writing and its application to the reading of history, evangelical poverty in Franciscan discussion of using poverty (usus pauper) and the biblical prophecies about the end of time and the coming of the Antichrist.