The Life-Cycle of the Barcelona Automobile-Industry Cluster, 1889-2015
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The life-cycle of Barcelona’s automobile industry cluster has lasted more than a century. The main reason for the good performance of the cluster in the long term was the externalities created within the district, which were mainly of a Marshallian type. The second key cause of its satisfactory performance was the adoption of strategic policy. The emergence of hub-firms, which performed as leaders of the district, can be considered the third reason for success. Institutions also mattered, even if they were the least significant factor.
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Catalán, Jordi. “The Life-Cycle of the Barcelona Automobile-Industry Cluster, 1889-2015”. Revista de Historia Industrial, vol.VOL 26, no. 66, pp. 77-125, https://raco.cat/index.php/HistoriaIndustrial/article/view/319871.
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