Estudio arqueométrico de muestras procedentes de mosaicos romanos de Itálica y Carmona (Sevilla)
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Teresa Palomar
Este trabajo presenta los resultados del estudio arqueométrico realizado en muestras de mosaicos romanos procedentes de Itálica y Carmona (Sevilla). El objetivo principal del estudio consistió en la caracterización químico-física de teselas de vidrio y fragmentos de mortero para determinar su composición, evaluar su estado de conservación y estudiar su tecnología de fabricación. Las muestras se caracterizaron mediante lupa binocular, microscopía electrónica de barrido y microanálisis de dispersión de energía de rayos X, espectrofotometría visible, difracción de rayos X y análisis petrográfico. Los resultados indicaron que las teselas se realizaron con vidrio de silicato sódico cálcico, aunque una de ellas mostró elevados contenidos de óxidos de plomo y cobre. Las muestras procedentes de Itálica presentaron una menor degradación que las de Carmona, como consecuencia de la humedad retenida por el mosaico. Asimismo, los resultados indicaron que en las teselas se utilizó un vidrio de inferior calidad técnica que el empleado en piezas de vajilla.
Resum: This work reports results of the archaeometric study carried out on Roman mosaic samples from Italica and Carmona (Spain). The main objective of the research was the chemical-physical characterization of both glass tesserae and mortar fragments to determine their composition, to evaluate their state of conservation and to study their production technology. Samples were characterized by binoculare glass, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, visible spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction and petrographic analysis. Results indicated that tesserae were made with soda-lime silicate glass, even though one of them showed high contents of lead and copper oxides. Italica samples showed a lower degradation than those from Carmona, as a consequence of humidity retained by the mosaic. Results also indicated that glass used in tesserae had a lower technical quality than that used in tableware pieces.
Resum: This work reports results of the archaeometric study carried out on Roman mosaic samples from Italica and Carmona (Spain). The main objective of the research was the chemical-physical characterization of both glass tesserae and mortar fragments to determine their composition, to evaluate their state of conservation and to study their production technology. Samples were characterized by binoculare glass, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, visible spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction and petrographic analysis. Results indicated that tesserae were made with soda-lime silicate glass, even though one of them showed high contents of lead and copper oxides. Italica samples showed a lower degradation than those from Carmona, as a consequence of humidity retained by the mosaic. Results also indicated that glass used in tesserae had a lower technical quality than that used in tableware pieces.
Palabras clave
Vidrio, Mosaicos, Teselas, Itálica, Carmona, Arqueometría, Glass, Mosaics, Tesserae, Italica, Archaeometry, Vidre, Tessel•les, Itàlica, Arqueometria
Article Details
Cómo citar
Palomar, Teresa. «Estudio arqueométrico de muestras procedentes de mosaicos romanos de Itálica y Carmona (Sevilla)». Estrat crític: revista d’arqueologia, vol.VOL 5, n.º 3, pp. 53-60, https://raco.cat/index.php/EstratCritic/article/view/255454.