Modernitat general: avions, <em>skywriting</em> i heterotopia en el cel

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Erkki Huhtamo

La pantallologia, o arqueologia de mitjans de la pantalla, m’ha ocupat durant més de vint anys. Estic cada vegada més convençut que les seves recerques han de portar-se més enllà en el temps i també més enllà del món occidental. Les pantalles per als mèdia es poden entendre com a artefactes dedicats que són diferents de les formes i continguts que continuen apareixent en elles. En resum, són interfícies que connecten allò pròxim i allò més remot, allò present i allò absent, allò material i allò discursiu. Per a comprendre la seva genealogia des de perspectives espaciotemporals esteses, és important parar esment a coses «semblants a pantalles» que poden ni tan sols haver estat anomenades «pantalles», «écrans» o «Leinwands» pels seus creadors i pels seus usuaris. Un exemple d’aquests objectes similars a pantalles que crida l’atenció són les «pantalles» produïdes des de temps immemorials en algunes cultures d’Àsia Oriental com el Japó i la Xina. Tenen històries, interconnexions, formes, iconografies i usos específics. Encara que aquests objectes no semblen coincidir amb la idea occidental de pantalles per als mitjans (les seves decoracions i les imatges que porten són permanents), mereixen atenció des d’una perspectiva de pantallologia no sols pel que són, sinó també perquè es van integrar en els processos culturals, polítics i econòmics que van unir a diferents parts del món. Podem parlar del «trànsit en pantalles», el que s’ha convertit en un fenomen extens. Les «pantalles» orientals es van transportar a diferents parts del món, incloses Europa i Amèrica Llatina. Es van sotmetre a tendències culturals i les cultures receptores els van donar significat. Alguns exemples evidents són les tendències occidentals de la chinoiserie i el japonisme, que van veure aquestes «pantalles» de formes molt diferents en comparació amb les que les havien concebut i produït. Les interpretacions «orientalistes» (E. Said) van influir en la manera en com es van veure aquests objectes en els entorns on s’havien produït. En aquest article, suggeriré que donar sentit a aquests intercanvis interculturals afegirà informació important als nostres esforços per comprendre els desenvolupaments formatius de les pantalles per als mitjans des de perspectives que van més enllà tant de les opinions occidentals com de les formacions ideològiques.

Paraules clau:

arqueologia dels mitjans de comunicació, art i modernisme, paracaigudisme, estudis dels mitjans de comunicació

Article Details

Com citar
Huhtamo, Erkki. “Modernitat general: avions, <em>skywriting</em> i heterotopia en el cel”. Artnodes, no. 34, pp. 1-13, doi:10.7238/artnodes.v0i34.427548.
Biografia de l'autor/a

Erkki Huhtamo, UCLA, Los Angeles

És doctorat i professor d’Arts i Disseny d’Arts dels Mèdia i Cinema, Televisió i Mitjans Digitals a UCLA, Los Angeles. Ha impartit conferències internacionals, ha estat curador d’exposicions, dirigit programes de televisió i publicat en 11 idiomes. El seu llibre més important fins avui és Illusions in Motion: Media Archaeology of the Moving Panorama and Related Spectacles (The MIT Press, 2013). Té dues monografies més que es presentaran pròximament en The MIT Press: Fairy Engine: Media Archaeology as Topos Study (prevista per a 2025) i Gadget Head: Triangulations of Humans, Devices, and Topoi. A Media Archaeology (prevista per a 2025-2026). Ha acabat el primer esborrany d’una gran monografia, «Mechanics, Marionettes, and Media: Théâtre Morieux de Paris,Fairground Networks, and the Lost History of Itinerant Exhibitors».

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