La genètica de la pigmentació humana i de la predisposició al càncer de pell

Human pigmentation traits, including skin, eye, and hair colour, are the most visible physical features allowing us to distinguish between individuals. Variation in human pigmentation is influenced by environmental factors (exposure to solar radiation), genetic factors (genes involved in the pigmentation pathway), and endocrine factors (sex hormones). Polymorphisms in pigmentation genes, such as MC1R, ASIP, TYR, OCA2, TYRP1, SLC24A4 and SLC45A2, which are associated with fair skin, red or blond hair, and blue or green eyes, are also linked to a predisposition to the development of skin cancer.