Infrações contra a Flora e Multas Aplicadas: Análise Espacial para o Brasil

This article aims to analyze the dependence and spatial distribution of offenses against the Brazilian flora. Additionally, we study the spatial relationship between them and the most common form of punishment applied to offenders, the fine. We use the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) by calculating the Global and Local Moran (LISA) statistics, global Geary and Getis indexes, and local G statistic. The database comprises the amount of assessments recorded by IBAMA and the values of imposed fines for the years 1998-2012, at municipal level. Just as deforestation, violations against flora exhibit a strong spatial nature. Additionally, this work points to the same spatial relationship between violations and
imposed fines. This paper innovates by using an unprecedented database in economic and spatial research.