Dime dónde vives y te diré cómo de inseguro te sientes El efecto barrio en las percepciones de inseguridad
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La literatura científica ha demostrado que el barrio de residencia determina el futuro de sus habitantes y es capaz de perpetuar la desigualdad, pero la relación entre el vecindario donde uno vive y los sentimientos de inseguridad de los residentes ha sido menos explorado. Esta investigación analiza si el barrio determina también los niveles de inseguridad percibida por sus habitantes, siendo Barcelona la región objeto de estudio. Los barrios han sido clasificados en seis grupos siguiendo el algoritmo de clasificación K-medias, y tomando como base para la clasificación un conjunto de variables relacionadas con la estructura socioeconómica y de organización social de las comunidades locales. Se han utilizado pruebas de contraste de hipótesis para la comparación de medias y rangos a fin de determinar la significancia estadística de los niveles de inseguridad percibida en cada grupo de vecindarios. Los resultados sugieren que los barrios situados en el mayor extremo de vulnerabilidad social presentan mayores niveles medios de inseguridad percibida. Se discuten estos resultados desde una perspectiva del efecto barrio principalmente relacional y se aboga por abandonar un modelo teórico centrado en la variable.
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